This article reviews the SNA methodology, as applied to scientific co-authorship in health research, to assess collaboration trends, identify leading investigators and organizations, and explain the influence of external factors in research collaboration and scientific productivity. Other applications of SNA include support to organizational competitive intelligence and communication management of networks for the health innovation system. Recent studies have proposed the use of social network analysis (SNA) to: (1) support the evaluation of cross-disciplinary research programs (2) develop strategic public policy planning and (3) strengthen innovation management in public health systems. Open innovation networks between industry and academia are critical to accelerate the development of appropriate products for the health systems. Health innovation networks are proposed as efficient strategies to help developing countries to address neglected tropical disease challenges. Given the diverse disciplines that cut across health innovations, knowledge networks are needed to address such complex areas. Ĭollaborative networks are particularly relevant in health innovation because of its complexity, involving multiple stakeholders and increasingly dependent on interdisciplinary research. When collaborating, researchers can establish communication networks, share ideas, resources and information, generate and deliver new knowledge, and ultimately create innovations, reducing the cost and increasing the productivity of research. Scientists are no longer independent players, but members of scientific cooperation networks looking for solutions to social, political, economic and technological problems, which, usually, require multidisciplinary approaches. Scientific collaborative networks are a hallmark of contemporary academic research.
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